Orthoimagery Specifications

  • Aerial photography flown at a 1:6000 nominal scale
  • Black & white photos
  • Coverage of the entire City of Toronto
Vintage Resolution Horizontal
Accuracy		 Vertical
Accuracy		 RGB NIR
1999 0.15m 0.3m 0.45m No No
  • Aerial photography flown at a 1:6,000 nominal scale
  • Images are taken in April when the leaves are not on the trees and there is no snow
  • Black & white photos
  • 60% forward overlap
  • 15-30% side overlap between flight lines (65% in the down town core)
  • Flown every two years for ESM assembly (Orthos are produced every 4 years)
  • 7.5 cm resolution (or ground pixel) results in viewing at 1:200

The Aerial photography was flown in spring of 2003 at a nominal scale of 1:6,000, with the
“leaves off”; the trees for the purposes of topographic mapping. The source aerial
photography was scanned on a photogrammetric scanner and is provided at 7.5cm resolution, where each pixel in the aerial image represents 7.5cm on the ground. The entire City of Toronto  represents approximately 200GB of image data, and is utilised in the 3D environment of the City’s Enterprise Stereoscopic Model (ESM).

Vintage Resolution Horizontal
Accuracy		 Vertical
Accuracy		 RGB NIR
2003 0.08m 0.16m 0.24m No No
  • Images were taken between March 31 and April 10
  • Full colour photos
  • 80% forward overlap
  • 15-30% side overlap between flight lines
  • 10cm resolution (or ground pixel) results in viewing at 1:250
Vintage Resolution Horizontal
Accuracy		 Vertical
Accuracy		 RGB NIR
2009 0.1m 0.2m 0.3m Yes Yes
  • Images were taken between April and May 9
  • Full colour photos
  • 60-80% forward overlap
  • 30-60% side overlap between flight lines
  • 6 cm resolution (or ground pixel) results in viewing at 1:250
Vintage Resolution Horizontal
Accuracy		 Vertical
Accuracy		 RGB NIR
2011 0.1m 0.2m 0.3m Yes Yes
  • Images were taken between April 22 and May 27
  • Full colour photos
  • 60% forward overlap
  • 30% side overlap between flight lines
  • 6 cm resolution (or ground pixel) results in viewing at 1:250
Vintage Resolution Horizontal
Accuracy		 Vertical
Accuracy		 RGB NIR
2013 0.08m 0.16m 0.24m Yes Yes
  • Images were taken between April 17 and July 24
  • Full colour photos
  • 60% forward overlap
  • 30-60% side overlap between flight lines
  • 6 cm resolution (or ground pixel) results in viewing at 1:250
Vintage Resolution Horizontal
Accuracy		 Vertical
Accuracy		 RGB NIR
2014 0.08m 0.16m 0.24m Yes Yes
  • Images were taken between April 3 and May 1
  • Full colour photos
  • 60% forward overlap
  • 30-60% side overlap between flight lines
  • 6 cm resolution (or ground pixel) results in viewing at 1:250
Vintage Resolution Horizontal
Accuracy		 Vertical
Accuracy		 RGB NIR
2015 0.08m 0.16m 0.24m Yes Yes
  • Aerial images were taken between April 30 and June 1
  • Full colour photos
  • 60% or 80% forward overlap
  • 40% or 70% side overlap between flight lines
  • 6 cm resolution (or ground pixel) results in viewing at 1:250
Vintage Resolution Horizontal
Accuracy		 Vertical
Accuracy		 RGB NIR
2016 0.08m 0.16m 0.24m Yes Yes
  • Aerial images were taken between March 23 and April 24.
  • Full colour photos
  • 60% or 80% forward overlap
  • 40% or 70% side overlap between flight lines
  • 6 cm resolution (or ground pixel) results in viewing at 1:250
Vintage Resolution Horizontal
Accuracy		 Vertical
Accuracy		 RGB NIR
2017 0.08m 0.16m 0.24m Yes Yes
  • Aerial images were taken between March 20 and March 26.
  • Full colour photos
  • 60% or 80% forward overlap
  • 40% or 70% side overlap between flight lines
  • 8 cm resolution (or ground pixel) results in viewing at 1:250
Vintage Resolution Horizontal
Accuracy		 Vertical
Accuracy		 RGB NIR
2018 0.08m 0.16m 0.24m Yes Yes