The Provincial Government implemented a Regulated Lead Testing Program in 2007. Under this program, the City is required to collect, analyze and submit the results of water samples taken in areas suspected of having lead water service pipes. Under the original program, twice a year, the City collected and reported the results of samples from:

  • 100 residential water service connections
  • 20 connections from within the distribution system
  • 10 non-residential water service connections

City of Toronto Corrosion Control Program

In 2009, the City began developing a Corrosion Control Program as mandated and approved by the Province under the Safe Drinking Water Act.

During the design and implementation of corrosion control treatment (2009–2017), the Province required the City to collect and analyze 20 samples from the water distribution system twice per year.

In 2014, the City implemented corrosion control by adding phosphate to the drinking water treatment process at the City’s four water treatment plants. Phosphate forms a protective coating inside all pipes and household plumbing fixtures, which helps to reduce the potential for lead to enter tap water. Results continue to show a decrease in lead levels.

In March 2017, the City resumed the regulated sampling program. The program included taking samples throughout the year and submitting the results to the Province from at least:

  • 55 residential and non-residential tap locations
  • 10 distribution system locations

In 2025, the required number of residential and non-residential sampling locations was changed from 55 to 27 locations due to the success of corrosion control treatment and reduced lead levels.

Learn more about the City’s Corrosion Control Plan and read the latest annual update on the Lead in Drinking Water Mitigation Strategy.

Regulated Test Results

Below are results from the past four years and the Pre-Corrosion Control Treatment period.

Period Locations # of Locations Lead Result – ug/L % of Samples
> 10 ug/L
Max. Min. Avg.

Round 27

January – December 2025

Residential and Non-Residential Taps 29 6.79 <0.05 0.50 0
Distribution System 12 0.36 <0.05 0.10 0
Period Locations # of Locations Lead Result – ug/L % of Samples
> 10 ug/L
Max. Min. Avg.

Round 26

January – December 2024

Residential and Non-Residential Taps 58 8.61 <0.05 0.49 0
Distribution System 14 0.17 <0.05 0.06 0
Period Locations # of Locations Lead Result – ug/L % of Samples
> 10 ug/L
Max. Min. Avg.

Round 25

January – December 2023

Residential and Non-Residential Taps 55 3.12 <0.05 0.45 0
Distribution System 17 0.34 <0.05 0.09 0
Period Locations # of Locations Lead Result – ug/L % of Samples
> 10 ug/L
Max. Min. Avg.

Round 24

January – December 2022

Residential and Non-Residential Taps 61 3.86 <0.05 0.50 0
Distribution System 23 0.82 <0.05 0.09 0

Rounds 1-12 are results from before the City implemented corrosion control treatment, which started in 2014.

Rounds 9-12 (December 2011 – October 13)

Period Locations # of Locations Lead Result – ug/L % of Samples
> 10 ug/L
Max. Min. Avg.

Round 12

June 2013 – October 2013

Private Residential Plumbing
Private Residential Plumbing (Lead > 11 ug/L)
Non-Private Residential Plumbing
Distribution System 20 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 0
Period Locations # of Locations Lead Result – ug/L % of Samples
> 10 ug/L
Max. Min. Avg.

Round 11

December 2012 – April 2013

Private Residential Plumbing
Private Residential Plumbing (Lead > 11 ug/L)
Non-Private Residential Plumbing
Distribution System 20 1 <0.5 0.3 0
Period Locations # of Locations Lead Result – ug/L % of Samples
> 10 ug/L
Max. Min. Avg.

Round 10

June 2012 – October 2012

Private Residential Plumbing
Private Residential Plumbing (Lead > 11 ug/L)
Non-Private Residential Plumbing
Distribution System 20 8 <0.5 0.9 0
Period Locations # of Locations Lead Result – ug/L % of Samples
> 10 ug/L
Max. Min. Avg.

Round 9

December 2011 – April 2012

Private Residential Plumbing
Private Residential Plumbing (Lead > 11 ug/L)
Non-Private Residential Plumbing
Distribution System 20 2 <0.51 0.6 0

Rounds 5-8 (December 2009 – October 2011)

Period Locations # of Locations Lead Result – ug/L % of Samples
> 10 ug/L
Max. Min. Avg.

Round 8

June 2011 – October 2011

Private Residential Plumbing
Private Residential Plumbing (Lead > 11 ug/L)
Non-Private Residential Plumbing
Distribution System 20 4 <0.51 1.1 0
Period Locations # of Locations Lead Result – ug/L % of Samples
> 10 ug/L
Max. Min. Avg.

Round 7

December 2010 – April 2011

Private Residential Plumbing
Private Residential Plumbing (Lead > 11 ug/L)
Non-Private Residential Plumbing
Distribution System 20 0.7 <0.51 0.1 0
Period Locations # of Locations Lead Result – ug/L % of Samples
> 10 ug/L
Max. Min. Avg.

Round 6

June 2010 – October 2010

Private Residential Plumbing
Private Residential Plumbing (Lead > 11 ug/L)
Non-Private Residential Plumbing
Distribution System 20 2 <0.51 0.5 0
Period Locations # of Locations Lead Result – ug/L % of Samples
> 10 ug/L
Max. Min. Avg.

Round 5

December 2009 – April 2010

Private Residential Plumbing
Private Residential Plumbing (Lead > 11 ug/L)
Non-Private Residential Plumbing
Distribution System 20 5 <0.51 0.7 0

Rounds 1-4 (December 2007 – October 2009)

Period Locations # of Locations Lead Result – ug/L % of Samples
> 10 ug/L
Max. Min. Avg.

Round 4

June 2009 – October 2009

Private Residential Plumbing 100 22 <0.51 6.1 18
Private Residential Plumbing (Lead > 11 ug/L) 18 22 11 16.9 -
Non-Private Residential Plumbing 10 15 1.0 3.3 1
Distribution System 21 4 0 1.0 0
Period Locations # of Locations Lead Result – ug/L % of Samples
> 10 ug/L
Max. Min. Avg.

Round 3

December 2008 – April 2009

Private Residential Plumbing 102 38 <0.51 3.9 7
Private Residential Plumbing (Lead > 11 ug/L) 7 38 11 16.9 -
Non-Private Residential Plumbing 10 4 <0.51 0.7 0
Distribution System 21 4 <0.51 0.8 0
Period Locations # of Locations Lead Result – ug/L % of Samples
> 10 ug/L
Max. Min. Avg.

Round 2

June 2008 – October 2008

Private Residential Plumbing 100 82 <0.51 11.9 52
Private Residential Plumbing (Lead > 11 ug/L) 52 82 11 18.6 -
Non-Private Residential Plumbing 10 6 <0.51 0.8 0
Distribution System 21 5 <0.51 0.6 0
Period Locations # of Locations Lead Result – ug/L % of Samples
> 10 ug/L
Max. Min. Avg.

Round 1

December 2007 – April 2008

Private Residential Plumbing 100 14 <0.51 3.8 6
Private Residential Plumbing (Lead > 11 ug/L) 6 14 11 12.8 -
Non-Private Residential Plumbing 10 2 <0.51 0.6 0
Distribution System 20 6 <0.51 0.7 0

 

Ontario Drinking Water Quality Standard for Lead = 10 ug/L (micrograms per litre)

Results with “<” means less than the Method Detection Limit