E-bikes in Ontario must have:

  • a maximum assisted speed of 32 km/h
  • a maximum weight of 120 kg (includes the weight of the bike and battery)
  • an electric motor not exceeding 500 watts
  • no modifications to the motor to allow it to exceed a power output greater than 500 watts and an assisted speed greater than 32 km/h
  • battery and electric motor securely fastened to the bicycle frame to prevent them from moving while the e-bike is operating
  • all electrical terminals properly insulated
  • minimum wheel width of 35 mm and minimum diameter of 350 mm
  • two independent braking systems that applies force to each wheel and is capable of bringing the e-bike, while being operated at a speed of 30 km/h, to a full stop within 9 metres, on a level asphalt surface, from the point at which the brakes were applied

Please see the Ministry of Transportation’s Riding an E-bike page for more information.

While a drivers’ licence, vehicle permit or licence plate is not required to operate an E-bike, riders must:

  • be 16 or older
  • wear an approved bicycle or motorcycle helmet
  • keep their E-bike in good working order
  • follow the same rules of the road as other people cycling
A red E-bike and white cargo E-bike are shown side by side
pedelec & pedal-assisted cargo E-bikes

Pedal-assisted (“pedelecs”) are e-bikes requiring pedaling for propulsion (i.e., the power is cut to the motor when the rider stops pedaling). These are treated like bicycles in the Toronto Municipal Code if they weigh less than 40kg and require pedaling for propulsion, and may be used on roads and all types of cycling infrastructure: painted bicycle lanes, cycle tracks (separated bike lanes) and multi-use trails and paths.

Pedal-assisted cargo cycles are legal for use in Toronto on roads, painted bike lanes and cycle tracks.

 

Purple power-assisted E-bike
Power-assisted (throttle only)

Power-assisted are E-bikes that are capable of being propelled solely by its electric motor (throttle only). Power-assisted E-bikes may be bicycle-style, scooter-style or moped-style and regardless of style of appearance, they do not require any muscular power or pedaling for propulsion.

Power-assisted E-bikes are not allowed on cycle tracks (separated bike lanes) or multi-use trails or paths, because they pose safety risks when mixing with slower, human-powered modes like bicycles. It is also difficult and risky for such E-bikes to exit cycle tracks which can have raised curbs or vertical elements (e.g., posts, planters, etc.) when passing slower cyclists, whereas painted bike lanes do not present such issues.

For more information, please visit the Ontario Ministry of Transportation’s page on E-bikes Opens in new window.

Toronto City Council adopted 2014 Decision on electric bikes. In a 2014 report adopted by Toronto City Council, power-assisted bicycles are considered similar to scooters and mopeds, and called “E-scooters” (not to be confused with standing electric kick-scooters which are also called E-scooters).

 

Roadway
(vehicle lanes)
Bicycle Lane
(painted only)
Cycle Track
(separated, eg. curbs, planters, etc)
Multi-use Trails and Paths 
(includes pedestrians, joggers, etc)
Sidewalks
Bicycle

A commuter bike is shown in black

Yes Yes Yes Yes No
E-bike requiring pedaling
(“pedelecs” under 40 kg)
A red e-bike under 40 kg is shown with a motor
Yes Yes Yes Yes No
E-bike requiring pedaling
(“pedelecs” over 40 kg)
Yes Yes Yes No No
Power-assisted E-bike
(max. 120 kg, max. speed 32 km/hr)Purple power-assisted E-bike
Yes Yes No No No
Motorcycles, Mopeds, Motor Scooters

A motorcycle, moped and motor scooter are shown

Yes No No No No

 

 

Multi-use trails, paths and parks

Motorized vehicles (including power-assisted E-bikes) may not be used on park multi-use paths. If a motorized vehicle is used on a park path, the rider/driver may be fined $305.00 by bylaw enforcement officers. The Waterfront Multi-use path, Don Valley and Humber Multi-use paths, are all considered parklands. The West Toronto Railpath and Hydro corridor trails are considered linear parks.


Toronto Ferries

Only bicycles or pedal-assisted bicycles (pedelecs only) with a wheel diameter of 26″ or larger are allowed on the ferries to the Toronto Islands.

Parking – Post & Ring Stands

Under Toronto Municipal Code Chapter 950 PDF, section 201B, only bicycles including E-bikes that are defined under the Ontario Highway Traffic Act Opens in new window as “capable at all times of being propelled on level ground solely by using muscular power to operate the pedals” can park on the sidewalk, and use a post and ring stand as though they were a conventional bicycle. E-bikes that are not “capable at all times of being propelled on level ground solely by using muscular power to operate the pedals” such as scooter-style or moped-style E-bikes may park on-street as motorcycles do.

“E-scooters” that are standing electric kick-scooters are not allowed to be operated, left, stored or parked on any public street in Toronto including bicycle lanes, cycle tracks, trails, paths, sidewalks or parks under Municipal Code Chapters 950 PDF886 PDF and 608 PDF.

Infrastructure Electric Kick Scooter
(E-scooter)A standing scooter is shown with a flat base and handlebar
Roadway 
(vehicle lanes)
No
Bicycle Lane
(Painted only)
No
Cycle Track
(separated, eg. curbs, planters, etc)
No
Multi-use Trails or Paths
(includes pedestrians, joggers, etc)
No
Sidewalks No