At its May 2023 meeting, Toronto City Council adopted two key climate reports: the TransformTO 2022 Annual Report and Carbon Accountability Report. Read a short summary of the 2022 Annual Report.
Toronto City Council has adopted an ambitious strategy to reduce community-wide greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in Toronto to net zero by 2040 – 10 years earlier than initially proposed. The City’s 2040 target is one of the most ambitious in North America.
The Net Zero Strategy triggers new and accelerated implementation actions to drive down community-wide emissions, particularly in the short term, and establishes the trajectory needed to reach net zero by 2040.
View the TransformTO Net Zero Strategy and associated technical reports at the links below.
TransformTO Net Zero Strategy Short-term Implementation Plan 2022-2025
TransformTO – Critical Steps for Net Zero by 2040 (staff report)
TransformTO Net Zero Framework Technical Report (Parts 1 & 2)
TransformTO Net Zero Framework Technical Report (Part 3)
With the adoption of the Net Zero Strategy, the City’s GHG reduction targets, from 1990 levels, are:
Meeting the City’s future GHG reduction targets will require rapid action to scale up existing programs, additional authorities for the City to implement effectively, and significant levels of investment and coordination with other levels of government.
The Strategy identifies actions and targets to be achieved by 2030 in key sectors, including buildings, transportation and waste. (More information on the targets is available in the 2030 Goals by Sector tab, below.) Toronto’s community-wide emissions must be cut in half in the next 10 years to meet the 2030 target of a 65 per cent emissions reduction.
To reach its targets, the City will use its influence to regulate, advocate and facilitate transformation in five key areas:
Community-wide emissions have decreased by 43 per cent since 1990, despite a significant growth in population, and while Toronto’s gross domestic product (GDP) continued to rise. Like other major cities globally, the City issues its emissions inventory on a two-year lag cycle, to ensure the best available data.
The primary sources of GHG emissions in Toronto are homes and buildings (58 per cent), mainly from burning natural gas to heat space and water; transportation (33 per cent), mainly from gasoline used in personal vehicles; and waste (9 per cent), mainly from methane released in landfills. For more information, please see the 2020 Sector-Based Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventory tab below.
Everyone can play a role in reducing Toronto’s greenhouse gas emissions. Learn more.
On May 2, 2022, the City’s TransformTO Net Zero Strategy won the Environment, Climate and Energy Award at the 9th annual American Planning Association Awards for Excellence in Sustainability. The award honours a plan or project that addresses current and future needs related to climate change mitigation or adaptation, energy or water efficiency, renewable or alternative energy, green jobs, air quality, green infrastructure, or other efforts related to environment, climate, and energy planning. The City’s Strategy achieved a nearly perfect score. Learn more.
To ensure that Toronto is on track to reach net zero by 2040, the following 2030 goals have been established.
The targets and actions presented in the TransformTO Net Zero Strategy were developed through extensive research and consultation across City divisions and agencies, stakeholders and the public.
Review reports and updates on the TransformTO strategy and community engagement.
For the latest progress reports on TransformTO, please see the links below:
The targets and actions presented in the TransformTO Net Zero Strategy were developed through extensive research and consultation across City divisions and agencies, stakeholders and the public.
Review reports and resources on the TransformTO Net Zero strategy and community engagement.
From August 2015 to July 2016, the first phase of TransformTO engagement encouraged residents to contribute their ideas for a low-carbon Toronto in 2050. More than 2,000 residents identified ideas and actions.
The City is exploring collaborative approaches to involve Indigenous Traditional Knowledges (ITK) and Indigenous communities in designing and delivering climate action in Toronto. The City partnered with Indigenous Climate Action (ICA) to design, host, and report on the outcomes of a workshop with Indigenous communities on urban climate action. The following report summarizes the learnings from the workshop.
This report created through the USDN Building Diversity Fellowship, offers recommendations on how best to engage marginalized and equity-seeking groups in developing climate action plans and designing and implementing climate solutions.
Reports on the City’s ongoing community engagement efforts:
The City has created a new Climate Advisory Group to provide advice, facilitate ongoing communication and guide the effective and equitable implementation of Toronto’s climate strategy, the TransformTO Net Zero Strategy.
The purposes of the Climate Advisory Group (CAG) are to:
The CAG has 26 members, both individuals and representatives from organizations, who were selected for a 3-year term to act as advisors, champions and reviewers of the policies, programs and initiatives under development for implementing the TransformTO Net Zero Strategy.
Climate Advisory Group meeting materials will be shared online as available.
Draft Terms of Reference for the Climate Advisory Group
Agendas | Meeting Summaries |
November 2022 | November 2022 CAG Meeting Summary |
December 2022 | December 2022 CAG Meeting Summary |
March 2023 | March 2023 CAG Meeting Summary |
June 2023 | June 2023 CAG Meeting Summary (TBC) |
Member | Role | Organization |
Lyn Adamson (Co-chair) | Co-Founder | ClimateFast |
Andria Babbington | President | Toronto and York Region Labour Council |
Chris Ballard | CEO | Passive House Canada |
Sarah Buchanan | Campaigns Director | Toronto Environmental Alliance (TEA) |
Maggie Chang (Co-Chair) | ||
Maria Constantinou | ||
Kristen Evers | Green Projects Team Leader | Toronto District School Board (TDSB) |
Lidia Ferreira | Community Engagement Specialist | Community Resilience to Extreme Weather (CREW) |
Barnabe Geis | Executive Director | Climate Ventures/Foresight Canada |
Colin Guldimann | ||
Lanrick Bennett, Jr. | Our Greenway | |
Tinashe Kanengoni | ||
Julius Lindsay | Director, Sustainability | David Suzuki Foundation |
Neil MacNeil | Director, Toronto Region Operations | Enbridge Gas Inc. |
Richard Carlson | Director, Energy & Exchange | Pollution Probe |
Joyce McLean | ||
Joseph Ogilvie | ||
Rosemarie Powell | Executive Director | Toronto Community Benefits Network |
Zamani Ra | ||
Jeff Ranson | Director of Responsible Development | Northcrest Developments |
John Robinson | ||
Alienor Rougeot | Co-Founder | Fridays for Future |
David Campbell | Associate Vice President, Policy & Research | Toronto Region Board of Trade |
Marine Sanchez | Passive House Buildings Lead | RDH Building Science |
Jack Zhou | Partner | A&J Energy Consultants |
Implementation of the TransformTO Net Zero Strategy will be aligned with several existing City plans and strategies that also contribute to greenhouse gas reductions across a number of sectors, including:
In 2020, Toronto surpassed its emissions target, but more aggressive climate action is needed to meet future targets.
The City’s 2020 Sector-based Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventory of community-wide GHG emissions – which tracks and identifies direct and indirect GHG emissions from three dominant sectors: buildings, transportation, and waste – indicates that Toronto’s GHG emissions were 43 per cent lower in 2020 than in 1990.
Toronto’s future sector-based GHG reduction targets are: 45 per cent by 2025, 65 per cent by 2030, and net zero by 2040.
Reporting annually on community-wide greenhouse gas emissions is part of the City’s commitment to address climate change and inform the development of its climate strategy and policy. Read more about the 2020 Sector-based Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventory.
The City follows the Greenhouse Gas Protocol for its sector-based GHG emission inventories.
As a Global Covenant of Mayors signatory, the City of Toronto has been disclosing its GHG emissions inventory and its climate mitigation and adaptation actions annually to the Carbon Disclosure Project (CDP) in order to share Toronto’s progress and benchmark against other cities facing similar challenges.
For the fourth year in a row, the City of Toronto is recognized on the 2022 Carbon Disclosure Project (CDP) Cities “A” List for its leadership and transparency on climate action. Toronto was one of 122 cities globally to receive an “A” rating.
Please note this page was updated on January 10, 2023 to accurately reflect:
Public engagement opportunities for TransformTO will be posted here. For reports on past engagements, please visit the Community Engagement Reports section.
Urgent action is needed to address the climate emergency and everyone can play a part. Reducing greenhouse gas emissions will require big changes in how we live, work, build, travel and more.
Learn what you can do and access City programs and supports available to help you get started.
Opportunities to get involved in TransformTO and will be posted here. For reports on past engagements, please visit the Community Engagement Reports section.
Visit Live Green Toronto to find more climate action community organizations near you and take action together.
In 2020, the City conducted a second round of technical modelling on climate actions in key sectors – buildings, energy, transportation, waste, and natural systems. This process assessed the feasibility of implementing the climate actions that have informed the 2030 targets presented in the Net Zero Strategy. More information on the modelling process can be found in the TransformTO Technical Report (Parts 1, 2 and 3) found above.
CityInSight is a data visualization tool for the City’s TransformTO Net Zero Strategy. Toronto’s greenhouse gas technical modelling results dashboard can be viewed on the Sustainability Solutions Group website.
The Climate Action and Resiliency Research Fund (CARRF) is a City initiative to support strategic research in the areas of climate action and resilience. The Fund will be in place for the next three years (2023-2025) to support small and mid-sized research and program development projects that support the implementation of TransformTO and related climate and resilience initiatives. This program is building and strengthening relationships between the City of Toronto and academic experts, creating new student learning opportunities and advancing the City’s CivicLabTO agenda.
For more information on the CARRF, including ongoing funding opportunities, please visit the CivicLabTO website.
As a part of TransformTO Net Zero Strategy, the City of Toronto and University of Toronto are co-developing a strategy to support broader youth engagement in climate action with Toronto’s youth leaders and community. The strategy development process will be complete by the end of 2024. For more information, visit the project webpage.
In July 2017, Toronto’s TransformTO climate action strategy was unanimously approved by City Council. It includes a set of long-term, low-carbon goals and strategies to reduce local greenhouse gas emissions and improve our health, grow our economy, and improve social equity. The Net Zero Strategy adopted by Council in December 2021 builds on the initial TransformTO Strategy.
On October 2, 2019, City Council voted unanimously to declare a climate emergency and accelerate efforts to mitigate and adapt to climate change, adopting a stronger emissions reduction target of net zero by 2050 or sooner. In response, the City has developed the TransformTO Net Zero Strategy, which outlines a pathway to achieve net zero emissions community-wide by 2040.
GHG emissions in Toronto were 43 per cent lower in 2020 than in 1990, which means that Toronto exceeded its 2020 GHG reduction target of 30 percent. Learn more about Toronto’s 2020 greenhouse gas (GHG) inventory.
Achieving the targets set out in TransformTO will require transformational changes in how we live, work, build and commute. Learn about how we can #TransformTO Together.
For more background information, please visit the Reports & Resources tab.
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